Four-Dimensional Microvascular Analysis Reveals That Regenerative Angiogenesis in Ischemic Muscle Produces a Flawed Microcirculation

Abstract

Despite robust neovascularization, the microcirculation formed by regenerative angiogenesis in skeletal muscle is profoundly flawed in both structure and function, with no evidence for normalizing over time. This network-level dysfunction must be recognized and overcome to advance regenerative approaches for ischemic disease.