Agri-IoT: A semantic framework for Internet of Things-enabled smart farming applications

TLDR

Recent IoT advances enable real‑time processing of many sensor streams, yet existing solutions are domain‑specific and lack the flexible, adaptive frameworks needed for smart farming in the agri‑food sector. This paper introduces Agri‑IoT, a semantic framework that allows real‑time reasoning over heterogeneous sensor data streams for smart farming applications. Agri‑IoT integrates cross‑domain data streams into a semantic processing pipeline, supporting large‑scale analytics, event detection, and seamless interoperability among sensors, services, farmers, and linked open datasets.

Abstract

With the recent advancement of the Internet of Things (IoT), it is now possible to process a large number of sensor data streams using different large-scale IoT platforms. These IoT frameworks are used to collect, process and analyse data streams in real-time and facilitate provision of smart solutions designed to provide decision support. Existing IoT-based solutions are mainly domain-dependent, providing stream processing and analytics focusing on specific areas (smart cities, healthcare etc.). In the context of agri-food industry, a variety of external parameters belonging to different domains (e.g. weather conditions, regulations etc.) have a major influence over the food supply chain, while flexible and adaptive IoT frameworks, essential to truly realize the concept of smart farming, are currently inexistent. In this paper, we propose Agri-IoT, a semantic framework for IoT-based smart farming applications, which supports reasoning over various heterogeneous sensor data streams in real-time. Agri-IoT can integrate multiple cross-domain data streams, providing a complete semantic processing pipeline, offering a common framework for smart farming applications. Agri-IoT supports large-scale data analytics and event detection, ensuring seamless interoperability among sensors, services, processes, operations, farmers and other relevant actors, including online information sources and linked open datasets and streams available on the Web.