Whole grains and resistant starch rich, reduced‐calorie biscuit diet as a hypoglycaemic, hypolipidaemic and insulin stimulator in streptozotocin‐induced diabetic rats

Abstract

Summary A fibre‐enriched, reduced‐calorie biscuit [formulated biscuit ( FB )] was evaluated for its antidiabetic and antilipidaemic potential in streptozotocin‐induced diabetes in Wistar rats against control biscuit ( CB ) having high calorie and low fibre content. Animals were allocated into five groups: a control group fed with synthetic diet, two diabetes‐induced groups ( CBD and FBD ) and two nondiabetic groups ( CBND and FBND ). CBD and CBND were fed with synthetic diet + CB while FBD and FBND were fed with synthetic diet + FB . After 6 weeks of feeding, the change in weight of nondiabetic group fed with FB (+16.20%) was nonsignificantly lower compared to control (+33.01%) and CB ‐fed (+34.55%) group. Nonsignificant loss in body weight was observed among diabetic group fed with FB (−11.76%) or CB (−36.88%). Feeding of FB led to a significant decrease in fasting and postprandial blood glucose levels, total cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL ‐C, VLDL ‐C and atherosclerotic index and increase the HDL ‐C. Histological examination showed that feeding of FB was able to partially recover the destroyed β‐cell in STZ ‐induced diabetic rats.