Progress Toward 1000-mV Open-Circuit Voltage on Chalcopyrite Solar Cells

Abstract

Previously, an open-circuit voltage of 960 mV was reported on Se-free Cu(In,Ga)S <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> (CIGS) solar cell with a CdS buffer layer. In this paper, we report our latest progress toward 1000 mV on a Se-free Cu(In,Ga)S <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> solar cell with a Cd-free buffer layer. The highest open-circuit voltage of 973 mV was demonstrated by rapid thermal annealing and Zn <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1-x</sub> Mg <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">x</sub> O buffer layer application.