Age at diagnosis of sickle cell disease in a developing country.

Abstract

In order to determine the age at diagnosis of sickle cell disease and some of the factors that influence the same at the University College Hospital Ibadan, a retrospective study of children with sickle cell disease who attended the children's outpatient department of the hospital between June 2000 and June 2009 was conducted by reviewing their case notes. A total of 457 children were studied (Male: Female ratio 1.1:1). Haemoglobin phenotype was SS in 421 children (92.1%) and SC in 36 children (7.9 %). Median age at diagnosis was 2.0 years (2.5 months - 14.0 years). Age at diagnosis was lower in children with Hb SS than HbSC (p = 0.01), in children from higher socioeconomic classes (p = 0.003) and in children with a history of dactylitis (N = 354, p = 0.000). Late diagnosis of haemogobinopathies in Ibadan calls for institution of neonatal screening to improve chances of survival.