Potential Role of Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles for Attenuation of Diabetic Nephropathy by Inhibition of Oxidative Damage

Abstract

Background: Diabetes is the growing health problem worldwide and increasing diabetes prevalence has been reported in the most countries. Several mechanisms are suggested for diabetic nephropathy that oxidative stress is the most important one. In this study efficiency of nanoceria (a potent antioxidant) was evaluated for attenuation of nephropathy and oxidative stress diabetic mice. Materials and Methods: Mice were divided into five groups, each comprising of 6 mouse, diabetes was induced by a single dose of streptozocin (65 mg kgG 1 b.wt., IP) diluted in citrate buffer (pH = 4.6). One week after streptozocin administration, blood glucose was taken using a glucose oxidase method and the mice whose blood glucose values were above 200 mg dLG 1 accepted as diabetic. All animals were anaesthetized and blood was collected for BUN and creatinine levels assessment in plasma and kidney tissue were excised at 4EC and oxidative stress and pathological changes were assayed. Results: The significant increase in BUN and creatinine in plasma in diabetic mice accompanied by pathological changes in kidney tissue confirmed the nephropathy in diabetic mice. Also, increased in reactive oxygen species formation, lipid peroxidation, glutathione oxidation and protein carbonyl concentration were observed in the kidney tissue of diabetic mice. Nanoceria treatment significantly (p<0.05) inhibited oxidative damage in kidney tissue and pathological changes in diabetic mice. Conclusion: This study showed that nanoceria has protective effects against diabetic nephropathy via inhibition of oxidative stress pathway. Therefore, nanoceria can be considered as a potential complementary therapy beside other blood glucose-lowering drugs for amelioration of diabetic complications.