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Effects of various extremely low frequency magnetic fields on the free radical processes, natural antioxidant system and respiratory burst system activities in the heart and liver tissues.
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2008
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Lipid PeroxidationMagnetic ResonanceMagnetic FieldRedox BiologyOxidative StressLiver TissuesMitohormesisToxicologyRadical (Chemistry)Natural Antioxidant SystemMagnetic FieldsBiological SystemsReactive Oxygen SpeciePharmacologyPhysiologyElectrophysiologyMetabolismMedicineFree Radical ProcessesHz Mfs
Magnetic fields can increase free radical release, disrupting cell defense systems and tissue homeostasis. The study examined how 50 Hz ELF EMFs at 1–3 mT, applied 4 or 8 h/day for 5 days, affect free radical production, antioxidant defenses, and respiratory burst activity in guinea pig heart and liver tissues. Sixty‑two guinea pigs were divided into a control group and six exposure groups (1–3 mT at 4 h or 8 h/day), and tissue levels of malondialdehyde, nitric oxide, glutathione, and myeloperoxidase were quantified. Exposure to 50 Hz ELF EMFs altered oxidative stress markers: liver malondialdehyde rose at 1 mT 4 h and 2 mT 4 h but fell at 3 mT 8 h; nitric oxide and glutathione levels varied by tissue and exposure, and myeloperoxidase activity generally decreased except for a heart increase at 3 mT 8 h, indicating that field intensity and duration modulate free radical formation and antioxidant enzyme behavior.
Magnetic fields (MFs) can affect biological systems by increasing the release of free radicals that are able to alter cell defense systems and breakdown tissue homeostasis. In the present study, the effects of extremely low frequency (ELF) electromagnetic fields (EMF) were investigated on free radical levels, natural antioxidant systems and respiratory burst system activities in heart and liver tissues of guinea pigs exposed to 50 Hz MFs of 1, 2 and 3 mT for 4 h/day and 8 h/day for 5 days by measuring malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO), glutathione (GSH) levels and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity. A total of sixty-two male guinea pigs, 10-12 weeks old were studied in seven groups as control and exposure groups: Group I (control), II (1 mT, 4 h/day), III (1 mT, 8 h/day), IV (2 mT, 4 h/day), V (2 mT, 8 h/day), VI (3 mT, 4 h/day), and VII (3 mT, 8 h/day). Controls were kept under the same conditions without any exposure to MF. MDA levels increased in liver in groups II and IV, but decreased in group VII for both liver and heart tissues. NOx levels declined in heart in groups II and III and in liver in groups III, V, and VI, but increased in liver in group VII. GSH levels increased in heart in groups II, IV, V, and in liver in groups V and VI and VI, but decreased in groups II and IV in liver. MPO activity decreased in liver in groups III, IV, VI and VII with respect to controls and in heart tissues in groups II, III and IV; however, there was a significant increase MPO activity in heart in group VII. From the results, it can be concluded that the intensity and exposure duration of MFs are among the effective conditions on the formation of free radicals and behaviour of antioxidant enzymes.