Late Toxicity and Outcomes in High-risk Prostate Cancer Patients Treated With Hypofractionated IMRT and Long-term Androgen Suppression Treatment

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: To assess late toxicity and outcomes in high-risk prostate cancer patients treated with hypofractionated radiation treatment with androgen suppression therapy. METHODS: Sixty high-risk prostate cancer patients were enrolled. IMRT prescription was 68 Gy/25 fractions (2.7 Gy/fraction) to the prostate and proximal seminal vesicles (SV). The pelvic lymph nodes (PLN) and distal SV concurrently received 45 Gy/25 fractions (1.8 Gy/fraction). The patients were treated with helical TomoTherapy-based IMRT and underwent daily megavoltage CT image-guided verification before each treatment. RTOG Toxicity scores were recorded for a 5-year period. RESULTS: Sixty patients completed RT with median follow-up of 63 months (range, 7 to 80 mo).At 5 years follow-up timepoint: Grade (G)2 and G3 late genitourinary toxicity was experienced in 7 (17.0%) and 1 (2.44%), respectively; gastrointestinal G2 as highest toxicity recorded in only 1 (2.44%) patient. There was no G3 gastrointestinal toxicity recorded at this timepoint.With 63-month median follow-up (mean of 65.41±1.72 mo), the 5-year overall survival was 86.67%; 5 years freedom from biochemical failure was 91.67% and freedom from clinical failure was 96.67%. CONCLUSIONS: Dose escalation and hypofractionated radiation treatment with IMRT treating the prostate and proximal SV concurrently with the pelvic lymph nodes and distal SV and long-term androgen suppression therapy is well tolerated with respect to acute and late toxicity with 5-year actuarial overall survival 86.67%, freedom from biochemical failure 91.38%, and freedom from clinical failure 96.67%. Longer follow-up will provide more information on 10-year survival outcomes.