Criteria for decision making after endoscopic resection of well-differentiated rectal carcinoids with regard to potential lymphatic spread

Abstract

Endoscopic resection is a safe and effective modality for treating well-differentiated rectal carcinoids smaller than 10 mm in diameter. Discrepancies were observed between CR-E and CR-P. The risk factors for metastasis were tumor size, increased mitotic rate, and lymphovascular invasion.