The Effect of Temperature on Metabolizable Energy Determination and Utilization by the Growing Chick

Abstract

In a study designed to evaluate the effect of ambient temperature on energy utilization by the growing chick, 2 trials were conducted in which 2-week-old chicks were randomly assigned to different energy levels and to one of three temperature regimes. The following observations were noted: Weight gain and dietary consumption were enhanced, but poorer feed efficiency occurred with temperature reductions. Weight gain and feed efficiency were improved with increasing energy levels. Temperature had no effect on M.E. determinations. Carcass dry matter, fat, and energy were increased with increasing temperature or dietary energy level, but protein was decreased. The M.E. required for a Kcal. carcass gain was increased with lower temperatures reflecting the increased requirement for body temperature maintenance. It is estimated that a one degree drop in temperature will reduce metabolizable energy efficiency by approximately one percent. To maintain carcass energy gain, it was concluded that an additional .06 to .08 Kcal. M.E. per gram diet is required for each 1°C. decrease in temperature.