Births after Intracytoplasmic Injection of Sperm Obtained by Testicular Extraction from Men with Nonmosaic Klinefelter's Syndrome

Abstract

Klinefelter's syndrome is a form of hypergonadotropic hypogonadism and infertility resulting from a supernumerary X chromosome (47,XXY), with an incidence of approximately 1 case in 500 phenotypic males.1,2 Some men with Klinefelter's syndrome who have chromosomal mosaicism (46,XY/47,XXY) are fertile. Men with nonmosaic, or complete, Klinefelter's syndrome usually have azoospermia, and only a few have any spermatogenesis.3,4 Intracytoplasmic sperm injection, in which a spermatozoon is injected into an ovum in vitro, is an effective treatment for male-factor infertility. However, the complete absence of spermatozoa presents a particular clinical challenge. Postorchitis atrophy and genetic anomalies are the main causes . . .