NMR reveals the surface functionalisation of Ti₃C₂MXene

Abstract

(1)H and (19)F NMR experiments have identified and quantified the internal surface terminations of Ti3C2Tx MXene. -F and -OH terminations are shown to be intimately mixed and there are found to be significantly fewer -OH terminations than -F and -O, with the proportions highly dependent on the synthesis method.