Energy Efficiency Tradeoff Mechanism Towards Wireless Green Communication: A Survey

TLDR

Energy‑efficient communication is increasingly critical as wireless devices proliferate in small cells demanding high data rates, QoS, and QoE, yet energy is consumed at every protocol layer and achieving all objectives is difficult due to differing user and network energy requirements. This survey reviews trade‑off techniques that enable energy efficiency across protocol layers and in infrastructure mode. The authors classify EE trade‑offs by protocol layer, analyze their effects on network energy efficiency, and consider QoS factors such as spectral efficiency, deployment, delay, routing, scheduling, bandwidth, and coding. The study shows how EE trade‑offs influence various wireless architectures, advancing the realization of green wireless communication networks.

Abstract

Energy efficient (EE) communication has earned tremendous interest in recent years due to ever increasing number of wireless devices operating in shrinking cells, while demanding high data rates with high Quality of Services (QoS) and Quality of Expectation (QoE). To support these objectives, energy is consumed in every protocol layer. Establishing and maintaining a successful wireless communication link to simultaneously achieve all these objectives becomes challenging since the energy consumption requirements of the user and network are different for different objectives. Thus, there is a need for tradeoff techniques to achieve energy efficiency in each protocol layer. In this paper, we provide a survey of different tradeoff mechanisms proposed in the literature. The EE tradeoffs have been classified based on each protocol layer and discussed its affect in the network energy efficiency. These other QoS parameters include spectral efficiency, deployment, delay, routing, scheduling, bandwidth and coding etc. This survey also discusses the various EE techniques to improve energy-efficiency in infrastructure mode. Finally, the work provides an discussion, where impact of EE tradeoffs have been presented based on different wireless architecture towards realizing a green wireless communication network.