Perforation Cluster Efficiency of Cemented Plug and Perf Limited Entry Completions; Insights from Fiber Optics Diagnostics

TLDR

Horizontal well production is highly variable along the wellbore, influenced by subsurface conditions and completion design elements such as fluid volume, proppant tonnage, rate, stage length, perforation cluster number, and spacing, and FO diagnostics like DTS and DAS provide insights into these factors. The study aims to illustrate recent observations on perforation cluster efficiency using FO diagnostics and to summarize results for multiple Cemented Plug and Perforated Limited Entry completions. Completion efficiency is assessed by integrating Fiber Optic diagnostics, specifically Distributed Temperature Sensing and Distributed Acoustic Sensing, during hydraulic fracture stimulation. Integrated DAS and DTS analysis shows that although most perforation clusters receive fluids, efficiency fluctuates during stimulation, impacting connectivity, conductivity, and ultimately production in CPnP LE wells.

Abstract

Abstract It is now well established that the production from horizontal wells completed via hydraulic fracture stimulations (fracs) is highly variable along the length of the wellbore. In addition to subsurface conditions, elements of the completion design, such as fluid volume, proppant tonnage, rate, stage length, the number of perforation clusters and their spacing, influence the performance of individual stimulated intervals and wells. Information about completion efficiency can be obtained using Fiber Optic (FO) diagnostics. Distributed Temperature Sensing (DTS) and Distributed Acoustic Sensing (DAS) provide great insights into the factors controlling frac construction and performance of each perforation cluster. The integrated analysis of DAS and DTS in horizontal wells completed with multiple perforation clusters per stage indicate that, although most perforation clusters receive fluids during the stimulation, there are significant changes in efficiency during the frac stimulation process that can impact frac connectivity, conductivity and ultimately, their production. This presentation illustrates recent observations about Perforation Cluster Efficiency (PCE) using FO diagnostics and summarizes the results for many wells with Cemented Plug and Perforated completions Limited Entry design (CPnP LE).