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Factors influencing the use of physical activity facilities: results from qualitative research
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1996
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Physical ActivityUrban HealthAdapted Physical ActivityPublic Space DesignActivity-travel PatternSocial SciencesBuilt EnvironmentRecreationPublic HealthHealth SciencesHealth PolicyHealth PromotionPhysical Activity FacilitiesUrban PlanningCreating Supportive EnvironmentsNursingUrban DesignCommunity DevelopmentCommunity EnvironmentLivabilityOttawa CharterChildhood Physical ActivityPhysical Activity ParticipationPhysical EnvironmentQualitative Method
Issue addressed: Creating supportive environments is one of the goals for action in the Ottawa Charter. This qualitative study examines awareness and use of free and pay recreational physical activity facilities and factors that influence their use. Methods: Four focus groups were conducted. The groups were stratified by socioeconomic status (low and high) and exercise behaviour ( sedentary and low-to- moderate exercisers). Results: Group participants were aware of a wide range of physical facilities in their area. Use of facilities, especially pay facilities, was fluid and changed according to preferences, necessity, perceived ability, perceived age barriers, changing social circumstances and competing commitments. While proximity and accessibility were important, they interacted with other factors. The use of parks was influenced by aesthetic features, the presence of amenities and park size. Many people reported enjoying walking in their local neighbourhood. This was influenced by urban design features including the availability of footpaths, traffic control measures, walking paths and local shops. Deterrents included a fear for personal safety, especially at night, and fear of dogs. Conclusion: This small qualitative study suggests that the use of recreational physical activity facilities results from a complex interplay of personal and environmental factors. While proximity and accessibility are important, they alone do not explain patterns of use. So what? Different factors appear to influence the use of free and pay facilities. Some may be open to intervention through urban design and, to some extent, others through the recruitment and training of staff working at pay facilities. Intersectoral action is required to change these factors, however more quantitative research is needed that examines which aspects of the physical environment are most likely to influence physical activity participation. (author abstract)