Studies on the ecophysiology of Tuber aestivum populations in the Carpatho-Pannonian region

Abstract

Various studies were carried out in order to determine the ecological requirements for summer (burgundy) truffle biotypes in the Carpatho-Pannonian region. Based on the experience gained from in situ collections and rearings, it seems that many insects, including specialist species, have a part in spreading the fungus. The data of soil analysis show that Tuber aestivum has limited tolerance (stenotopic) of several soil parameters, but has a broad range of tolerance (eurytopic) of other soil parameters, which may contribute to its wide distribution. Studies on the soil horizons of habitats with outstanding productivity confirm the importance of a well-balanced water supply. The secret of the best regions may be the soil profile, which could explain the excellence of the Jaszsag region in Europe. The analysis of phytoindication can provide useful information for the description of water supplies and the local microclimate. The summer truffle is rare or absent in dry forest types (e.g., oak forests on sandy or loess soils) and in the forests of wetlands. All in all, summer truffles appear to have a strong preference for certain plants and soil types. On the basis of the above results and of coexistence analysis, an attempt was made to establish a niche segregation model. Zusammenfassung: Verschiedene Untersuchungen wurden durchgefuhrt um die okologischen An- spruche der Sommertruffel-Biotypen in der Karpaten-Pannonischen Region zu erheben. Aufgrund der Erfahrung, die bei in situ-Aufsammlungen gemacht wurden, scheint es, dass viele Insekten, inklusive spezialisierter Arten, eine Rolle in der Ausbreitung des Pilzes haben. Die Bodenanalysedaten zeigen,