Sand Compaction by Vibroflotation

Abstract

Borings made at the site of a proposed phosphate plant revealed the existence of a very loose sand that was quite susceptible to significant changes in volume when subjected to vibration or sudden shock. Because the operations of the plant were such that vibrations would be prevalent, it was necessary that the soil be compacted prior to construction so that no significant settlements would occur following the completion of the plant. Studies made prior to construction revealed that the process that was most likely to give the required compaction was that of vibroflotation.