Cadmium Effect on Histo-Biomarkers and Melano-Macrophage Centers in Liver and Kidney of Cyprinus carpio

Abstract

The present study is aimed to observe the effect of cadmium on structural modulations of liver and kidney of carp fish, Cyprinus carpio exposed to 1/5 sub lethal concentration for 30 days. It is evident that necrotic and degenerative changes were observed on day 30 and also observed to increase the average number and size of Melano-macrophage centers (MMCs) in liver and kidney of carp fish compared with control. The results explained that the histopathological biomarkers gave a way for understanding the morphological modulations due to stress induced by a metabolic toxicant present in aquatic environment. It is also observed that the cell debris is accumulated in the haemopoietic tissues of liver and kidney which are engulfed by MMCs. We suggest that these cells are able to play a role in cleansing the circulation of foreign macromolecules and particles in carps, whereas they are mainly involved in the regular uptake of scavenger debris compounds in carp fishes.