Prevalence and associated risk factors of diabetes and impaired fasting glucose in urban population; a study from Burkina Faso

Abstract

The aim of the study was to give the first estimation of the prevalence of diabetes and impaired fasting glucose (IFG) in Ouagadougou and to investigate the factors which are associated with diabetes. During diabetes screening day, held in Ouagadougou in March 2011, all subjects over 20 years old (excluding pregnant women) who gave informed consent were included. Data were collected during face-to-face interviews. For diabetes, hypertension and body mass index (BMI), the participants were divided into categories according to the international standards. For statistical analyses chi-square test and binary logistic regression were used. Four hundred sixty seven subjects with the mean age of 39.1 years were included in the survey. Overall crude diabetes and IFG prevalence were 12.4% and 5.9%, respectively. The prevalence of unknown diabetes was 3.2%. In bivariate analysis, gender, age, hypertension and body mass index (BMI) were the factors associated with diabetes. In multivariate analysis, only gender (p = 0.008), age (P = 0.000) and BMI (p = 0.05) remained independently associated with diabetes. Adequate health care policies should be taken shortly. An important place must be reserved for the prevention of obesity. Therefore, primary prevention through lifestyle modifications may play a critical role in the control of diabetes.