Evaluation of bioactive components in seeds of Phaseolus vulgaris L. (fabaceae) cultivated in Côte d'Ivoire

Abstract

Objectives: The aim of this study is to determine the active phytochemical constituents in common beans seeds ( Phaseolus vulgaris L.) to ascertain the rationale for its use in traditional medicine. Likewise, the role of the bioactive components was related with a substantial decrease in chronically degenerative diseases. Methodology and results: Aqueous extract of Phaseolus vulgaris seeds was concentrated using rotary evaporator. Phytochemical screening comprising chemical tests were realized to identify the functional groups, which have active principles. Bioactive components contents and glycemic index have been determined. Results indicated that seeds of Phaseolus vulgaris contain alkaloids, flavonoids, glycosides, polyphenols, saponins, steroids, tannins and terpenoids that are the main phytochemical groups with biological activities. Therefore, Phaseolus vulgaris seeds can be associated with a decrease risk for a wide variety of chronic and degenerative diseases such as cancer, obesity, cardiovascular diseases and diabetes. Phaseolus vulgaris seeds are considered as a good dietary source. Conclusions and application of findings: Phytochemical screening showed that Phaseolus vulgaris seeds have some bioactive components such as alkaloids, anthocyanin, carbohydrate, catechin, fibers, flavonoids, phasine, phytic acid, quercetin, saponins, steroids, tannins and terpenoids and trypsin inhibit. Important biological activities have been described for these metabolites like enhancement of the bifidogenic, antioxidant, antimutagenic, anticarcinogenic and antihyperglycemic effects. Thus, we understand its regular consumption in many regions of world for food and medical uses. They could constitute an interesting alternative in fight against the diseases such as diabetes. Therefore , exploitation of the potentials of Phaseolus vulgaris seeds especially in areas of traditional medicine and pharmaceutical industries could be necessary. Likewise, the use of Phaseolus vulgaris seeds like food complement or diet food is to be wished. The role of some bioactive compounds present in Phaseolus vulgaris seeds related