Simpler and Faster Spectrophotometric Determination of Diclofenac Sodium in Tablets, Serum and Urine Samples

Abstract

Abstract This work describes a simple, sensitive, rapid and economical analytical procedure for direct spectrophotometric evaluation of diclofenac sodium (DS) using aqueous medium without using a chemical reagent. Parameters like time, temperature, acidic and basic conditions and interference by analgesic drugs were studied for a 5µg ml -1 solution of DS at 276 nm. Under optimized parameters, a linear working range of 0.1–30 µg ml -1 with regression coefficient of 0.9998 and lower detection limit of 0.01 µg ml -1 was obtained. The method was applied for DS contents in tablets, serum and urine samples. Keywords: Diclofenac sodium; UV-Visible spectrophotometer; tablets; serum; urine ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Introduction DS or sodium 2-[(2, 6-dichlorophenyl) amino] phenyl acetate, is a broadly used non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug [1] for the treatment of inflammatory conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis and ankylosing spondilytis [2]. Accurate assay of the drug in pharmaceutical preparations as well as biological fluids are of prime importance from clinical as well as physiological point of view. Different analytical methods have been employed for the quantification of DS, such as spectrophotometry [1, 3] fluorimetry [4, 5] FT-Raman spectroscopy [6, 7] potentiometry [5] chromatography [2, 8] voltammetry [9] and polarography [10]. Most of these methods face certain problems such as the use of additional reagents, complex formation, long time and ha.00zardous matrices. In contrast simplicity, economy, green chemistry and faster assay are the actual factors which make a method far more superior to those lacking one or more of these characteristics. We have already reported a simpler, sensitive, cheaper and environmental friendly spectrophotometric method for investigation of paracetamol (PC) in all types of liquid samples and pharmaceutical preparations which is very much useful for quick analyses [11]. In continuation to our previous work we report another simple, sensitive, rapid, economical, highly reproducible and accurate analytical procedure for direct spectrophotometric determination of diclofenac sodium (DS) in the aqueous medium employing no chemical reagent for determining DS in various types of drugs and body fluids. The method has extended range of calibration with quite lower detection limit as compared to several reported methods and successfully applied for determining DS in pharmaceutical tablets, urine and serum samples.