Clarifying the Spectrum of Driver Oncogene Mutations in Biomarker-Verified Squamous Carcinoma of Lung: Lack of <i>EGFR</i> / <i>KRA</i> S and Presence of <i>PIK3CA</i> / <i>AKT1</i> Mutations

Abstract

Our findings suggest that EGFR/KRAS mutations do not occur in pure pulmonary SQCC, and occasional detection of these mutations in samples diagnosed as "SQCC" is due to challenges with the diagnosis of AD-SQC and adenocarcinoma, which can be largely resolved by comprehensive pathologic assessment incorporating immunohistochemical biomarkers.