Synthesis of Calix[3]dipyrrins by a Modified Lindsey Protocol

Abstract

Bowled over: Calix[3]dipyrrins were synthesized from pyrrole and aryl aldehyde precursors by the Lindsey protocol, modified by the presence of a small amount of water. These bowl-shaped macrocycles can accommodate three metal (M) ions such as NiII and CuII in a hexagonal M3O3 manner (see structure; Cu green, N blue, O red, C black).