American Psychologist · 1999 · 1.1K citations · 107 references
Social SciencesPsychiatrySocial PsychologyMental Health CareMental Health EducationMental Health PolicyMental HealthMental IllnessSevere Mental IllnessStigma ReductionStigmatizationMental Health StigmaMental Health Stigma ReductionSocial StigmatizationStigma Reduction Campaigns
Advocacy, government, and public‑service groups use protest, education, and contact to reduce stigma toward people with severe mental illness. The authors argue that stigma‑reduction strategies should incorporate insights from social‑psychological research on ethnic minority and other group stereotypes, and outline future research and practice directions. Research shows that protest can backfire, education has limited impact because many stereotypes resist change, and contact is most effective when participants have equal status, cooperate, and receive institutional support.
Advocacy, government, and public-service groups rely on a variety of strategies to diminish the impact of stigma on persons with severe mental illness. These strategies include protest, education, and promoting contact between the general public and persons with these disorders. The authors argue that social psychological research on ethnic minority and other group stereotypes should be considered when implementing these strategies. Such research indicates that (a) attempts to suppress stereotypes through protest can result in a rebound effect; (b) education programs may be limited because many stereotypes are resilient to change; and (c) contact is enhanced by a variety of factors, including equal status, cooperative interaction, and institutional support. Future directions for research and practice to reduce stigma toward persons with severe mental illness are discussed.
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Stigma: Notes on the Management of Spoiled Identity
Postgraduate Medical Journal · 1969 · 14.3K citations · Full text