IEEE Electron Device Letters · 1993 · 20 citations · 10 references
EngineeringElectrical EngineeringMaterials ScienceElectronic MaterialsOptoelectronicsSemiconductor DevicesEnergy ConversionPhotovoltaic DevicesSolar Cell MaterialsSolar CellsSolar Energy SystemsSolar Photovoltaic SystemsDevice EfficiencyEnergy Conversion EfficiencyPhotovoltaic EfficiencyPhotovoltaic Module DesignPhotovoltaic SystemsPower Conversion EfficiencySilicon Solar CellsSolar Module Design
Describes the first 20% efficient flat-plate photovoltaic module ever reported. The 743-cm/sup 2/ module is based on large-area PERL silicon cells (passivated emitter rear locally diffused) of average unencapsulated efficiency of 21.3%, giving an independently confirmed module energy conversion efficiency of 20.6% under standard test conditions. The module also shows a very low temperature coefficient of performance increasing its performance advantage over standard silicon modules at increased temperature. Also reported is an independently confirmed efficiency of 21.6% for a 46 cm/sup 2/ cell of the type used in the module, the highest efficiency ever reported for a cell of this size.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
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24% efficient silicon solar cells
A. Wang, Jianhua Zhao, Martin A. Green · Applied Physics Letters · 1990 · 298 citations