Experimental Investigation of a Self-Biased Microstrip Circulator

Abstract

An experimental investigation of an above-ferromagnetic resonant self-biased hexagonal ferrite circulator is detailed in this paper. The concept of the ldquoregion of opportunityrdquo is invoked to establish a relationship between the ferrite's geometry and its MH large-signal data for self-biased operation. This concept is used to design a working three-port nonreciprocal device that will serve as a basis for experimentally ascertaining best case insertion losses (ILs), return losses (RLs), and/or isolations (ISs) for circulator applications. Furthermore, we show that this nonreciprocal device when externally tuned as a circulator exhibits RLs and ISs of better than 15 dB across a narrow band; the ILs are on the order of 1.5 dB within this same band. This IL is correlated to the best case IL. Results confirm the conclusion that a ferrite with H <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">c</sub> = 4.0 kOe, 4piM <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">s</sub> = 4.375 kG , and DeltaH = 1.862 kOe is suitable for self-biased circulator applications.