The Journals of Gerontology Series B · 2005 · 239 citations · 36 references
EducationGeriatric MedicinePsychologyFunctional DeclineGerontologyLifespan DevelopmentCognitive AgingCognitive DeclineCognitive ImpairmentLife Course AgingSocial GerontologySocial Relationships In AdulthoodActivities ParticipationAge-related Social DifferencesCognitive-functional RelationshipExtended Family TiesFunctional Limitations AssessmentFunctional Limitations IndicatorsLongitudinal Cognitive Decline
We assessed conjoint trajectories of cognitive decline and social relations over 7 years on a representative sample of community-dwelling elderly persons. We analyzed data using repeated measurement models. Social integration, family ties, and engagement with family were associated with cognitive function at advanced ages, controlling for education and introducing depressive symptoms, functional limitations, and chronic conditions as intervening variables. Association of social integration, through participation in community activities, with change in cognitive decline was more significant at advanced ages. Having friends was significantly associated with change in cognitive function in women only. Our findings have important implications for clinical medicine and public health because associations of social relations with cognitive function suggests that they may help to maintain cognitive function in old age.
36
Leisure Activities and the Risk of Dementia in the Elderly
Joe Verghese, Richard B. Lipton, Mindy J. Katz et al. · New England Journal of Medicine · 2003 · 2K citations