Visual Cognition · 2009 · 263 citations · 61 references
ComputingComputer ScienceVision ScienceComputer VisionVisual AttentionVisual PerceptionObject DetectionScene UnderstandingVisual SearchNatural Scene StatisticsObjectsSaliency DetectionSaliency MappingSaliency-based SearchSearch Through Natural ScenesVisual SaliencyVisual Search Models
When people try to find particular objects in natural scenes they make extensive use of knowledge about how and where objects tend to appear in a scene. Although many forms of such "top-down" knowledge have been incorporated into saliency map models of visual search, surprisingly, the role of object appearance has been infrequently investigated. Here we present an appearance-based saliency model derived in a Bayesian framework. We compare our approach with both bottom-up saliency algorithms as well as the state-of-the-art Contextual Guidance model of Torralba et al. (2006) at predicting human fixations. Although both top-down approaches use very different types of information, they achieve similar performance; each substantially better than the purely bottom-up models. Our experiments reveal that a simple model of object appearance can predict human fixations quite well, even making the same mistakes as people.
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Chih-Chung Chang, Chih‐Jen Lin · ACM Transactions on Intelligent Systems and Technology · 2011 · 41.3K citations
Advances in neural information processing systems 7
Computers & Mathematics with Applications · 1996 · 14.4K citations