Examining workplace mindfulness and its relations to job performance and turnover intention

TLDR

Mindfulness research has expanded, yet little has examined it within workplace settings. The study investigates workplace mindfulness, defined as the degree of mindful attention in the work environment. The authors hypothesize that workplace mindfulness predicts higher job performance and lower turnover intention beyond the effects of work‑engagement dimensions in a dynamic service industry. Results show that workplace mindfulness is positively related to job performance even after controlling for vigor, dedication, and absorption, whereas its negative link with turnover intention becomes non‑significant when those engagement dimensions are included.

Abstract

In recent years, research on mindfulness has burgeoned across several lines of scholarship. Nevertheless, very little empirical research has investigated mindfulness from a workplace perspective. In the study reported here, we address this oversight by examining workplace mindfulness – the degree to which individuals are mindful in their work setting. We hypothesize that, in a dynamic work environment, workplace mindfulness is positively related to job performance and negatively related to turnover intention, and that these relationships account for variance beyond the effects of constructs occupying a similar conceptual space – namely, the constituent dimensions of work engagement (vigor, dedication, and absorption). Testing these claims in a dynamic service industry context, we find support for a positive relationship between workplace mindfulness and job performance that holds even when accounting for all three work engagement dimensions. We also find support for a negative relationship between workplace mindfulness and turnover intention, though this relationship becomes insignificant when accounting for the dimensions of work engagement. We consider the theoretical and practical implications of these findings and highlight a number of avenues for conducting research on mindfulness in the workplace.