Hypermethylated 14-3-3-σ and ESR1 gene promoters in serum as candidate biomarkers for the diagnosis and treatment efficacy of breast cancer metastasis

Abstract

The relationship of 14-3-3-sigma with breast cancer metastasis and progression found in this study suggests a possible application of 14-3-3-sigma as a biomarker to screen for metastasis and to follow up patients treated for metastatic breast cancer, monitoring their disease status and treatment response.