Methodology and Models in Erosion Research: Discussion and Conclusions

TLDR

Erosion research models require careful choices of experimental conditions, design, and measurement techniques, and while in vitro models provide limited intra‑oral information, future clinical trials are needed for longer‑term testing. This paper summarizes workshop discussions and offers guidance for developing and applying in vitro and in situ erosion models. The authors describe simple in vitro screening models, more elaborate pH‑cycling models for in vivo simulation, and in situ models that evaluate erosive challenges under intra‑oral conditions, also outlining potential clinical trial methodologies.

Abstract

This paper summarises the discussions which took place at the Workshop on Methodology in Erosion Research in Zürich, 2010, and aims, where possible, to offer guidance for the development and application of both in vitro and in situ models for erosion research. The prospects for clinical trials are also discussed. All models in erosion research require a number of choices regarding experimental conditions, study design and measurement techniques, and these general aspects are discussed first. Among in vitro models, simple (single- or multiple-exposure) models can be used for screening products regarding their erosive potential, while more elaborate pH cycling models can be used to simulate erosion in vivo. However, in vitro models provide limited information on intra-oral erosion. In situ models allow the effect of an erosive challenge to be evaluated under intra-oral conditions and are currently the method of choice for short-term testing of low-erosive products or preventive therapeutic products. In the future, clinical trials will allow longer-term testing. Possible methodologies for such trials are discussed.