Meditation experience is associated with increased cortical thickness

TLDR

Long‑term meditation has been linked to lasting changes in brain activity, as shown by altered resting EEG patterns. The study aimed to determine whether meditation also induces structural brain changes. Cortical thickness was measured via MRI in 20 experienced Insight meditators and matched controls. Meditators exhibited thicker cortices in attention, interoception, and sensory regions—including the prefrontal cortex and right anterior insula—particularly in older participants, with thickness correlating with meditation experience, providing the first structural evidence of meditation‑induced cortical plasticity.

Abstract

Previous research indicates that long-term meditation practice is associated with altered resting electroencephalogram patterns, suggestive of long lasting changes in brain activity. We hypothesized that meditation practice might also be associated with changes in the brain's physical structure. Magnetic resonance imaging was used to assess cortical thickness in 20 participants with extensive Insight meditation experience, which involves focused attention to internal experiences. Brain regions associated with attention, interoception and sensory processing were thicker in meditation participants than matched controls, including the prefrontal cortex and right anterior insula. Between-group differences in prefrontal cortical thickness were most pronounced in older participants, suggesting that meditation might offset age-related cortical thinning. Finally, the thickness of two regions correlated with meditation experience. These data provide the first structural evidence for experience-dependent cortical plasticity associated with meditation practice.