Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Mediated Functional Tooth Regeneration in Swine

TLDR

Mesenchymal stem cell–mediated tissue regeneration is a promising approach for regenerative medicine across many applications. The study reports a novel stem cell population isolated from the root apical papilla of human teeth, termed SCAP. In a minipig model, human SCAP and PDLSCs were transplanted to create a root/periodontal complex that supports a porcelain crown, integrating stem cell regeneration, engineered structural materials, and existing crown technologies. The hybrid tissue engineering approach restored tooth strength and appearance.

Abstract

Mesenchymal stem cell-mediated tissue regeneration is a promising approach for regenerative medicine for a wide range of applications. Here we report a new population of stem cells isolated from the root apical papilla of human teeth (SCAP, stem cells from apical papilla). Using a minipig model, we transplanted both human SCAP and periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) to generate a root/periodontal complex capable of supporting a porcelain crown, resulting in normal tooth function. This work integrates a stem cell-mediated tissue regeneration strategy, engineered materials for structure, and current dental crown technologies. This hybridized tissue engineering approach led to recovery of tooth strength and appearance.