Three-dimensional elastic scattering by near-surface heterogeneities

Abstract

With the aid of a domain-type integral-equation formulation, the scattering problem is studied of an inclusion, embedded in a layered, traction-free, elastic half-space. This problem is characteristic for near-surface scattering problems occurring in exploration seismology. The singular character of the Green's function is taken into account in an accurate and efficient manner using an asymptotic description of its near-field behaviour. The numerical results show good qualitative agreement with experimental scale-model data. From a number of model studies, it is concluded that we can accurately model near-surface scattering effects, which can seriously distort the wave fronts of upcoming reflections.