The Human Bone–Oxidized Titanium Implant Interface: A Light Microscopic, Scanning Electron Microscopic, Back‐Scatter Scanning Electron Microscopic, and Energy‐Dispersive X‐Ray Study of Clinically Retrieved Dental Implants

Abstract

The clinically retrieved oxidized implants showed evidence of bone growth into the pores of the surface oxide layer. The findings indicate the establishment of a strong interlock between the bone and the oxidized titanium implant, which is suggested to be beneficial for clinical performance.