A histomorghometric study of screw‐shaped and removal torque titanium implants with three different surface topographies

TLDR

Screw‑shaped implants with three surface topographies were inserted into rabbit bone and characterized visually and by optical profilometry. After 12 weeks, implants blasted with 25 μm TiO₂ particles exhibited the highest removal torque and bone‑to‑metal contact, turned screws had more bone in threads, and implants with a homogeneous surface roughness of 0.9–1.3 μm achieved better fixation than those with a 0.4 μm directional pattern.

Abstract

Screw‐shaped implants with 3 different surface topographies, evidenced visually as well as numerically with an optical profilometer. were inserted in rabbit bone. After a healing period of 12 weeks, a statistically significant higher removal torque was needed to unscrew screws blasted with25 μm TiO 2 particles and screws blasted with 75 μm particles of A1203 compared with screws with a turned surface. The histomorphometric evaluation demonstrated a higher percentage of bone‐to‐metal contact for implants blasted with 25 μm particles of TiO 2 compared with the as‐machined implants. A greater surface area of bone in threads was found for the turned screws compared with screws blasted with 25 μm TiO 2 particles. In the short‐term follow‐up, there was a better fixation of implants with an average surface roughness of 0.9–1.3 μm and with a homogeneous surface structure than of implants with an average surface roughness of 0.4 μm and with a clear direction of the surface pattern.