Lines of Power in Exchange Networks

Network exchange theory (NET) predicts differences in the resource accumulations of positions in interconnected groups of actors. The theory distinguishes between two types of networks-strong and weak power. To date only a few studies have tested the theory under weak power conditions. In the present research we investigate six line networks that contain elements of both strong and weak power. Line networks have been particularly important in theories of social exchange and the importance of linear exchange is frequently reflected in natural settings. Four of the investigated lines are longer than any previously studied. We introduce new experimental features designed to minimize extraneous factors, thereby optimizing the translation of structural power differences into observable profit differentials. Results generally support the idea that longer lines may contain elements of both strong and weak power. Most notably, while positions identified as high strong power do obtain approximately 70% or more of resources, there is evidence that a nonzero likelihood of exclusion in the central position of the 7-line may decrease its power.