A multicentre study of intentional behavioural responses measured using the Coma Recovery Scale–Revised in patients with minimally conscious state

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: To investigate which conscious behaviour is most frequently detected using the Coma Recovery Scale-Revised in patients with minimally conscious state. DESIGN: Multicentre, cross-sectional study. SETTING: One intensive care unit, 8 post-acute rehabilitation centres and 2 long-term facilities. SUBJECTS: Fifty-two patients with established diagnosis of minimally conscious state of different aetiology. MAIN MEASURES: All patients were assessed by the Coma Recovery Scale-Revised. RESULTS: In most patients (34/52) non-reflexive responses were identified by two or more subscales of the Coma Recovery Scale-Revised, whereas in 14 patients only the visual subscale could identify cortically-mediated behaviours, and in the remaining 4 patients only the motor subscale did so.The clinical signs of intentional behaviour were most often detected by the visual subscale (43/52 patients) and by the motor subscale (31/52), and least frequently by the oromotor/verbal subscale (3/52) of the Coma Recovery Scale-Revised. This clinical pattern was observed independently from time post-onset and aetiology. CONCLUSIONS: Non-reflexive visual behaviour, identified by the visual subscale of Coma Recovery Scale-Revised, is the most frequently detected intentional sign consistent with the diagnosis of minimally conscious state, independently from aetiology and time post-onset.