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Characterization of active and porous sublayers of a composite reverse osmosis membrane by impedance spectroscopy, streaming and membrane potentials, salt diffusion and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy measurements

Chemical EngineeringMembrane FormationEngineeringSurface SciencePorous MembraneSalt DiffusionMembrane CharacterizationImpedance SpectroscopyMembrane PermeationMembrane TechnologyBiophysicsPorous Sublayers