Ovarian development and serum sex steroid and vitellogenin profiles in the female cultured sturgeon hybrid, the bester

Abstract

Changes in serum levels of estradiol‐17/J (E 2 ), testosterone (T), 17,20β‐dihydroxy‐4‐pregnen‐3‐one (17,20β‐P) and vitellogenin (VTG), in cultured adult female bester were examined in relation to ovarian development during a 1‐year sampling period. Considerable variations in oocyte development were found among fish. Oocytes at previtellogenic stage (≥0–6mm in diameter) generally started to develop concomitantly with the degeneration of the first batch of oocytes. In vitellogenic individuals, ovaries were comprised of more advanced oocytes with diameter ranging from 0–6 to 2–6 mm and in the post‐vitellogenic class, oocytes attained their largest size (>2–6mm) while the germinal vesicle was migrating towards the animal pole. Oocytes with a migrating nucleus were maintained during the winter period and massive degeneration started in April–May without germinal vesicle breakdown (GVBD) or ovulation occurring. Seasonal changes in E 2 , T and VTG levels were well correlated with the advancement of oogenesis. Their levels increased during vitellogenesis, whereas in the post‐vitellogenic (migratory nucleus) stage the levels of E 2 declined from 2–4 ng ml −1 ± to 1–2 ng ml −1 and VTG from 4–10 mg ml − 1 to 0.–0.5 mg ml − 1 while T levels remained high (50–60 ng ml − 1 ). In contrast, serum levels of 17,20†‐P were constantly low (less than 0.2 ng ml − L ) throughout the reproductive cycle. These results indicate that the time appropriate for induction of artificial reproduction would be from October–November to April–May when the oocytes are in the late Stages of the development.