Journal of Child Language · 1986 · 325 citations · 14 references
EducationHuman DevelopmentLinguisticsChild DevelopmentLanguage AcquisitionLanguage DevelopmentChild Language AcquisitionCorrective FeedbackEarly Language DevelopmentLanguage InputParent-child InteractionVerbal BehaviorChild Language InputChildren's Language InputClarificationClarification EffectsImplicit FeedbackNegative FeedbackNegative Feedback MechanismsParent-child Language Interaction
ABSTRACT The conclusion that information regarding the grammatically of children's speech is unavailable in parental input has recently been challenged (Moerk 1983 a, b , Hirsh-Pasek, Treiman & Schneiderman 1984). The present study expanded on this research by broadening the definition of ‘negative feedback’ and by describing individual styles of mother–child dialogues. The purpose was to investigate whether mothers of four 2-year-old children responded differentially to their children's well-formed or ill-formed utterances with explicit and implicit feedback. The middle-class, English-speaking, mother–child dyads were recorded in a naturalistic context at home during play and eating activities. Explicit and implicit feedback were different in terms of the proportion of responses available to the child and their relation to well-formed and ill-formed utterances. The style of response was similar for most analyses across the four mothers.
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Language Learnability and Language Development
Ellen Bialystok, Steven Pinker · Modern Language Journal · 1986 · 1.8K citations