IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices · 2005 · 108 citations · 14 references
EngineeringComputer EngineeringElectrical EngineeringAnalog ElectronicsField-programmable Gate ArraysSensorsDigital Integrated CircuitsDigital Signal ProcessingField-programmable Gate Array ArchitectureImage SensorsMixed-signal Integrated Circuit DesignPhotodetectorsAnalog-to-digital ConversionAnalog-to-digital ConvertersComparator DesignDynamic RangeDynamic Range CompressionPixel ArchitectureSensor Dynamic RangeStatic Random-access Memory
This paper presents a digital pixel sensor (DPS) array employing a time domain analogue-to-digital conversion (ADC) technique featuring adaptive dynamic range and programmable pixel response. The digital pixel comprises a photodiode, a voltage comparator, and an 8-bit static memory. The conversion characteristics of the ADC are determined by an array-based digital control circuit, which linearizes the pixel response, and sets the conversion range. The ADC response is adapted to different lighting conditions by setting a single clock frequency. Dynamic range compression was also experimentally demonstrated. This clearly shows the potential of the proposed technique in overcoming the limited dynamic range typically imposed by the number of bits in a DPS. A 64 /spl times/ 64 pixel array prototype was manufactured in a 0.35-/spl mu/m, five-metal, single poly, CMOS process. Measurement results indicate a 100 dB dynamic range, a 41-s mean dark time and an average current of 1.6 /spl mu/A per DPS.
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A 10000 frames/s CMOS digital pixel sensor
S. Kleinfelder, SukHwan Lim, Xinqiao Liu et al. · IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits · 2001 · 345 citations
Engineering, Computer Engineering, Electrical Engineering +17
A wide-dynamic-range, low-power photosensor array
Wenxing Yang · 2002 · 112 citations