The Effects of Doping Copper and Mesoporous Structure on Photocatalytic Properties of TiO₂

Abstract

This paper describes a system for the synthesis of Cu‐doped mesoporous TiO 2 nanoparticles by a hydrothermal method at relatively low temperatures. The technique used is to dope the as‐prepared mesoporous TiO 2 system with copper. In this method, the copper species with the form of Cu 1+ , which was attributed to the reduction effect of dehydroxylation and evidenced by X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and X‐ray diffraction (XRD), was well dispersed in the optimal concentration 1 wt.% Cu‐doped mesoporous TiO 2 . In this as‐prepared mesoporous TiO 2 system, original particles with a size of approximately 20 nm are aggregated together to shapes of approximately 1100 nm, which resulted in the porous aggregate structure. More importantly, the enhancement of the photocatalytic activity was discussed as effects due to the formation of stable Cu(I) and the mesoporous structure in the Cu‐doped mesoporous TiO 2 . Among them, Cu‐doped mesoporous TiO 2 shows the highest degradation rate of methyl orange (MO). In addition, the effects of initial solution pH on degradation of MO had also been investigated. As a result, the optimum values of initial solution pH were found to be 3.