In vivo antitumor activity of multiple injections of recombinant interleukin 2, alone and in combination with three different types of recombinant interferon, on various syngeneic murine tumors.

Abstract

We have used several transplantable experimental murine tumors to evaluate the potentiation of antitumor activity by a combination of human recombinant interleukin 2 (rHIL2) and recombinant interferons (rIFNs). The combination of rHIL2 and either human hybrid recombinant alpha-interferon A/D (rIFN-alpha A/D) or mouse recombinant beta-interferon (rIFN-beta) induced the s.c. adenocarcinoma 755, which had been established for 8 days, to regress, although rHIL2 or the rIFNs alone hardly inhibited the tumor's growth. Eight injections of the rHIL2-rIFN-alpha A/D combination cured 38% of the tumor-bearing mice. The rHIL2-rIFN-beta combination achieved a complete cure only when given in more than 13 injections. The administration of rHIL2 and mouse recombinant gamma-interferon (rIFN-gamma) markedly inhibited tumor growth of the s.c. established adenocarcinoma 755, but did not cure any of the mice. Other tumors, B16-F10 melanoma, and colon tumors 38 and 26 responded almost as well to a rHIL2-rIFN-alpha A/D or -beta combination, but not to a rHIL2-rIFN-gamma combination. The growth of Lewis lung carcinoma was inhibited to a lesser extent by all combinations, for which there were no long-term survivors. The combination therapy of rHIL2 and rIFN-beta produced a marked regression of the tumor in beige mice which have low natural killer activity, suggesting the activated natural killer cells not to be responsible for the therapeutic effect. And T-cell immunity may be important in the regression of s.c. established tumors, because of the lesser potentiation of antitumor activity in athymic mice. These results demonstrate that combination therapies of rHIL2 and rIFN-alpha A/D or -beta can function synergistically in the various s.c. established murine tumor systems and give further evidence in support of their clinical potential.