An Overview of the China Meteorological Administration Tropical Cyclone Database

TLDR

The China Meteorological Administration’s tropical cyclone database contains best‑track records along with TC‑induced wind and precipitation data. The article reviews the database’s characteristics and technical details. It records best‑track data plus subcenters, extratropical transitions, outer‑range severe winds over the South China Sea, and coastal severe winds at landfall. The database offers richer wind and precipitation information that aids research on TC impacts, and its increasing observation density improves accuracy over China, though temporal and spatial inhomogeneities arise from evolving data sources and technical adjustments.

Abstract

The China Meteorological Administration (CMA)’s tropical cyclone (TC) database includes not only the best-track dataset but also TC-induced wind and precipitation data. This article summarizes the characteristics and key technical details of the CMA TC database. In addition to the best-track data, other phenomena that occurred with the TCs are also recorded in the dataset, such as the subcenters, extratropical transitions, outer-range severe winds associated with TCs over the South China Sea, and coastal severe winds associated with TCs landfalling in China. These data provide additional information for researchers. The TC-induced wind and precipitation data, which map the distribution of severe wind and rainfall, are also helpful for investigating the impacts of TCs. The study also considers the changing reliability of the various data sources used since the database was created and the potential causes of temporal and spatial inhomogeneities within the datasets. Because of the greater number of observations available for analysis, the CMA TC database is likely to be more accurate and complete over the offshore and land areas of China than over the open ocean. Temporal inhomogeneities were induced primarily by changes to the nature and quality of the input data, such as the development of a weather observation network in China and the use of satellite image analysis to replace the original aircraft reconnaissance data. Furthermore, technical and factitious changes, such as to the wind–pressure relationship and the satellite-derived current intensity (CI) number–intensity conversion, also led to inhomogeneities within the datasets.