An overview of bilevel optimization

Non-Cooperative Games

John F. Nash · Annals of Mathematics · 1951 · 6.6K citations

A Representation and Economic Interpretation of a Two-Level Programming Problem

Jose Fortuny‐Amat, Bruce A. McCarl · Journal of the Operational Research Society · 1981 · 1.1K citations

Social Sciences, Economics, Microeconomics +7

Mathematical Programs with Complementarity Constraints: Stationarity, Optimality, and Sensitivity

Holger Scheel, Stefan Scholtes · Mathematics of Operations Research · 2000 · 667 citations

Natural Sciences, Mathematics, Discrete Mathematics +16

Equivalent differentiable optimization problems and descent methods for asymmetric variational inequality problems

Masao Fukushima · Mathematical Programming · 1992 · 658 citations

Natural Sciences, Mathematics, Optimization +13

New Branch-and-Bound Rules for Linear Bilevel Programming

Pierre Hansen, Brigitte Jaumard, Gilles Savard · SIAM Journal on Scientific and Statistical Computing · 1992 · 647 citations

Natural Sciences, Mathematics, Decision Analysis +13