Human Monocyte–Endothelial Cell Interaction Induces Synthesis of Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor

Abstract

The present results indicate that GM-CSF is produced by direct interaction between monocytes and ECs and suggest that GM-CSF produced locally by monocyte-EC adhesive interaction plays an important role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and inflammation by modulating monocyte/macrophage functions in vivo.