CROSS REACTION IN REVERSED PASSIVE HEMAGGLUTINATION BETWEEN CLOSTRIDIUM BOTULINUM TYPE A AND B TOXINS AND ITS AVOIDANCE BY THE USE OF ANTITOXIC COMPONENT IMMUNOGLOBULIN ISOLATED BY AFFINITY CHROMATOGRAPHY

Abstract

Passive hemagglutination and agar gel double diffusion tests demonstrated cross reactions between Clostridium botulinum type A and B toxins to a high level and between types E and F and types A and F to a much lower level. The cross reactions between types A and B and types A and F were due to the nontoxic component; that between types E and F to both the toxic and nontoxic components.Anti-toxic component immunoglobulins types A and B were isolated from anti-progenitor toxin of the corresponding types by affinity chromatography. Reversed passive hemagglutination tests with formalinized sheep red blood cells coupled with anti-toxic component immunoglobulins type A or B caused no cross reaction between these types and detected 8-89 LD50/ml of type A and 10-59 LD50/ml of type B toxins in either a crude or purified form.Direct hemagglutinin possessed by type A and some type B toxins did not disturb the reversed passive hemagglutination tests.