AMMI analysis to comprehend genotype-by-environment (G × E) interactions in rainfed grown mungbean (Vigna radiata L.).

Abstract

The additive main effects and multiplicative interaction (AMMI) model was used to analyse the yield and yield component traits data of 58 mungbean genotypes grown in six moisture stress location-year environments. Main effects due to environments (E), genotypes (G) and G E interaction were found significant for plant height, number of branches per plant, number of clusters per plant, number of pods per plant, 100 seed weight and grain yield per plant (P < 0.01). Gollob's test declared two components, Interaction Principal Component Axis 1 (IPCA 1) and IPCA 2, statistically significant (P < 0.01) for all the traits studied. The IPCA 1 of traits studied were accounted more than 62% of the G E sum of squares. This study revealed that expression of mungbean genotypes varies between locations under drought condition, and brings out the suitability of specific genotype to rainfed condition through the biplot. Furthermore, biplot reflects maturity groups for the genotypes, with short duration mungbean at the bottom, medium duration genotypes in the middle and long duration genotypes at the top. AMMI provided such insight into G E interactions. Trait by environment biplot clustered the location into four distinct groups. Site E4 was characterized by strong positive associations of yield, number of seeds per pod and 100 seed weight. Correlation between environmental scores and environmental variables gives a useful insight about the interaction effects. In the present study, statistical analysis of yield trials of mungbean under moisture stress with the AMMI model has revealed practical implications for plant breeding research towards drought tolerance in mungbean.