Quantitative measurement of the orbital angular momentum density of light

Abstract

In this work we derive expressions for the orbital angular momentum (OAM) density of light, for both symmetric and nonsymmetric optical fields, that allow a direct comparison between theory and experiment. We present a simple method for measuring the OAM density in optical fields and test the approach on superimposed nondiffracting higher-order Bessel beams. The measurement technique makes use of a single spatial light modulator and a Fourier transforming lens to measure the OAM spectrum of the optical field. Quantitative values for the OAM density as a function of the radial position in the optical field are obtained for both symmetric and nonsymmetric superpositions, illustrating good agreement with the theoretical prediction.